Access to information 95, 144

Adjusted Net Savings 86, 123-124

Advocacy and communication 19, 23, 32-37, 45-46, 49-50, 70, 84, 92, 96, 116-117,124, 131,144-146, 149-159, 165

Budget call circulars 54; guidelines 54, 139; reporting and monitoring xv, 53, 56, 63

Capacity assessment 165, 169, 179

Capacity building 21, 61, 94, 107, 138, 139, 146, 165

Civil society 4, 5, 21, 29, 30-34, 42, 47-49, 56, 70-71, 81, 83, 106, 112- 118, 131, 140- 146, 156, 165

Climate adaptation xv, 72, 75, 162, 165; capital projects 55

Climate public expenditure and institutional review (CPEIR) xvii, 49, 56, 162, 165

Climate change xi-xiv, 3-4, 9-10, 12, 15-16, 19-24, 27-29, 32-36, 41, 43-47, 49, 53, 55-57, 67-71, 73, 79-80, 82, 84-85, 87, 92, 105, 107, 119, 123-125, 129-130, 135, 138-140, 149, 152, 155-157, 162-163, 165-166, 171, 174; expenditure and fiscal framework 60-63, 162; mitigation xiv, 57, 165; performance indicators 53, 62; risk assessment and vulnerability xiv-vi, 4, 10-12, 15, 20, 24, 27-28, 35-36, 46, 61, 67, 105, 119, 121, 123-125, 163, 171, 173-174

Community-based adaptation plan 42

Concessions (see Investment contracts)

Consultative process 82, 87, 93

Contract farming 94, 166

Coordination mechanism xiv, 19-20, 30, 37, 50, 67, 139

Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) xvii, 19-20, 25, 42, 46, 61, 67, 106, 115, 123, 127, 140, 161, 166

Costing 25, 54-55, 140, 166

Development objectives, targets and indicators xv, 21, 44, 47, 50, 55, 62, 68, 79, 81-83, 93, 97, 102, 114-115, 139, 145, 149, 155, 162, 169, 171, 173

Disasters, social protection 9-10, 48, 67, 134, 152

Dispute settlement 97, 102

Due diligence 147

Economic analysis 25, 35, 54, 57, 126, 129, 132, 151, 158, 166, 168

Economic development 9, 25, 31-32, 42-43, 49, 54, 92, 131, 141, 150-151, 166, 169-171

Ecosystems xiii, 12, 14, 27, 68, 71-72, 74-75, 85, 95, 129-130,

Ecosystem services 4, 12, 68, 72-74, 144, 155, 167; economic valuation of, 13, 49, 74, 86, 128-134, 152

Ecosystem-based approaches, The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) xvii, 13, 65, 71, 75, 86, 130, 132

Employment 9, 11, 41, 70, 91-94, 97, 100, 102, 126, 147

Enforceable financial commitments 97, 102

Entry point xiv-vx, 15, 17, 19-20, 23-26, 36, 41-42, 49, 53-55, 81, 86-88, 113, 117-118, 121, 136-137, 161, 167

Environment and natural resources xiii-xiv, xvii, 69, 73, 139, 151, 155, 157, 167, 169, 170, 171-173

Environmental and social assessment, 20, 99, 140

Environmental degradation, xvi, 3, 9, 25, 34-35, 45, 57, 91, 122, 135, 151, 167

Environmental fiscal reform xv, xvii, 49, 58, 162

Environmental health, indoor air pollution 4, 9-10, 12, 58, 124

Environmental impact assessment (EIA) 167

Environmental mainstreaming 15, 168

Environmental protection 58, 71, 96-97, 99, 102, 134

Environmental regulation xvi, 91, 93, 100; sustainability xiii, 3, 12, 15, 20-23, 41, 43-49, 52-56, 63-65, 68-71, 82, 107, 130-135, 140, 149, 161-162, 168, 170; valuation 166, 168

Expenditure analysis 60, 84

Expropriation 93, 168

Extractive industries xvi, 6, 89-91, 112, 145146, 155, 168, 172

Fair and equitable treatment 93, 168

Feasibility studies 94, 102

Fiscal incentives 93

Fiscal policy xiv-xv, 14, 53, 57, 58, 63, 123

Foreign direct investment (FDI) xvi, 168

Free, Prior and Informed Consent 97

Gender and social expenditure reviews 84

Gender analysis 25-26, 36, 136-141

Gender equality xiii, 10, 15, 41, 44, 71, 117, 135-142, 161, 168, 170

Gender Responsive Budgeting 21, 136, 138-139, 168

Gender-sensitive / gender-responsive approach xiv, 11, 21, 24, 29, 33-36, 41, 44, 94

Gender indicators 140-142

Gender yield gap, in agriculture 11

General equilibrium modelling 123

Governmental, institutional and political contexts xiv, 17, 20, 36

Green economy strategy 45, 55

Green growth 4, 82, 86, 149, 168, 171

Gross domestic product (GDP) xvii, 3, 24-25,41, 54, 57, 123, 129-131, 166, 168; Beyond GDP 24, 85-88, 105, 131; GDP of the Poor 13, 130

Household surveys 25, 81-82, 123, 125

Human Development Index 85, 131

Human Rights-Based Approach xiv, 25, 117, 143-147

Hunger and malnutrition 9, 11, 120, 144, 151, 170,

Inclusive Wealth Index 131

Indicators, health xi, 121; macroeconomic 43; national monitoring systems 19, 21; resilience and equity 10

Infrastructure 9, 15, 43, 47, 69, 75, 92-97, 101-102, 124, 141, 172; climate-proofing xv, 53, 85

Institutional and capacity strengthening, development 165, 169, 174

Institutional and Context Analysis xvii, 26-27, 41, 111-118, 123-124, 161

Integrated ecosystem assessment 19-20, 71-75, 163, 169

International investment agreement 93, 101, 168, 169

Investment contracts xvi, 89, 97-102; concessions 80, 94, 97-98, 102, 166; joint ventures 94; production-sharing agreements 94; promotion agency 169

Land tenure 43, 73, 115, 126, 169

Least developed country (LDC) 169

Livelihood xiii, 3-4, 9, 11-13, 23, 25, 27-28, 31, 36, 45, 54, 68, 71-73, 85, 94-96, 119, 125, 127, 129-130, 135-137, 142, 169

Local government xi, xiii, xv, 5, 14-15, 42, 46, 65, 69-70, 75, 97, 114, 122-123, 145, 150, 168; procurement 97, 102, 170; regulation 70

Low-income economy 96, 170; countries 12

Mainstreaming capacity 49; environmental 15, 168; institutionalizing 4, 45; approaches, tools and information sources 45, 50, 72, 142, 161-163; Reference Group (Bhutan) 15, 45; sustainability, xiii, 3, 12, 15, 20-23, 41, 43- 49, 51, 54-56, 63, 65, 68-71, 82, 107, 130-135, 140, 149, 161-162, 168, 170

Medium-term expenditure framework 27, 42, 61, 83, 165, 170

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) xi, xvii, 3, 23, 79, 82, 133, 136, 150,167, 170, 173

Multidimensional Poverty Index 120

Multidimensional Vulnerability Index 28

National Adaptation Plan (NAP) xvii, 27, 42-46, 68, 75,

National capacity self-assessment 30

National development planning xiv, 14, 20, 26-32, 39, 41-50, 105-106, 122, 138, 170

National environmental action plans 27

National monitoring processes, systems xi, xiii-xv, 5, 19, 21, 23, 32, 50, 69, 77-83, 87, 107, 119-122, 140, 142

Natural disasters, shocks and stress 3, 9-10, 28, 41, 119, 135

Natural wealth 23, 77, 85, 129-134

Non-governmental actor 5, 30-31, 165, 170, 173

Non-renewable resources 12, 94, 168, 170

Organic farming 100, 170

Payment for ecosystem /environmental services 171

Policy 171; measure 171; reform 43, 125-126, 142, 161, 170-172

Political Economy xiv, 15, 16, 18, 36, 105

Political will 22, 23, 29, 67, 98, 107

Poor, understanding the xiv, 3, 4, 17, 20, 24, 36; well-being of the poor 9

Poverty assessment, 20, 114-115, 123; household 168; impact assessment, 105 , 123, 125-126; income poverty, 25, 36; multidimensional, 25, 36, 123, 126

Poverty and social impact analysis (PSIA), xvii, 19-20, 67, 75, 105, 122, 125, 140, 152, 161, 171

Poverty-environment champion 5, 24-26, 31-33, 47, 106, 114, 117, 145, 149-150, 155, 158-159, 165; indicator 21, 25, 32, 79-87, 114, 122-123, 142, 171; linkage xv, 4, 5, 7-9, 12, 24, 29-32, 34, 36, 79, 81-82, 114, 137, 161, 171; mainstreaming xi, xiv, 4-5, 12, 15, 17, 19-32, 37, 42, 48-49, 51, 81-84, 105-107, 114, 119, 121-124, 135-138, 143-147, 149-159, 161-167, 170, 171, 173; monitoring 29, 171; nexus 34, 138; objectives xiii, xiv-xv, xvi, 5, 14, 21, 26, 28, 30, 39-41, 43-44, 50, 55, 63, 67, 75-77, 81, 87, 103, 105-107, 115, 122, 136-138, 140, 150, 161, 171

Poverty reduction strategy paper (PRSP) xvii, 27, 42, 114, 155-157, 167, 172, 173

Practitioner ix, xi-xiv, 5, 19, 23, 41, 44, 72, 79, 81-82, 103-106, 111, 119-120, 124, 131, 149, 153, 163, 165, 172

Preliminary assessments xiv, 17-20, 24, 26, 29-31, 121, 138

Pricing, taxation and subsidies 53, 58-63, 98, 129, 134, 147, 162, 167

Primary sector xvi, 89-91, 172

Private sector xiv-xv, 4, 14, 25, 42, 47-49, 53, 58-59, 74, 82, 92, 114, 118, 122, 139, 147, 149-150, 162, 169, 171

Procurement 53, 56, 92, 97, 102; local 170

Production-sharing agreement 94, 172

Programmatic approach xiv, 5, 15, 17, 19-24, 121, 136, 172

Pro-poor economic growth 5, 7, 12, 14, 74, 119, 172

Proposal assessment and feasibility studies 94, 102

Stakeholder consultation and engagement 17, 21-23, 31, 46, 57, 79-80, 94, 97, 102, 116, 130, 145, 167

Public environmental expenditure review (PEER) xvii, 23, 49, 56-57, 63, 84, 139, 162, 172

Public disclosure 95, 98

Public expenditure management 69

Regulatory capture 99, 172

Renewable resources 170, 172

Resilience xiii-xv, 31, 35, 43-44, 49, 54, 61, 67, 85, 123, 126-127, 130, 171, 172; Atlas of

Social Protection: Indicators of Resilience and Equity 9-10

Revenue xi, 32, 51, 53, 58-63, 69, 91-95, 97-102, 107, 112, 123, 138, 146, 162, 166; local fiscal 70; fund allocations and expenditures 56; generation 97, 102, 107,

Risk, 4, 15; climate xiv, 14, 16, 24, 27, 28, 34, 36, 46, 61, 125, 163; environmental 4, 9, 31, 94, 101, 168, 171

Silos, breaking down 22, 47, 107

South-South Cooperation 23, 49

Special economic zone 93, 101, 173

Stakeholders 14, 19-23, 41, 67-68, 93-95, 112-114, , 122, 130, 133, 141; benefit-sharing 100, 139-140; civil society organizations 30, 47, 70-71, 81, 114, 131, 140, 142, 146; consultative process and engagement 21, 29-31, 49, 56, 71, 74, 79-87, 116-117, 142, 144-146; institutional 17-19, 43-47; national human rights institutions 146; parliaments 146; private sector 146; strategic communications 149-150, 157 , 165-167, 170-173; practitioners 5

State of the environment reports 24, 35, 68

Strategic environmental assessment 19-20, 67, 73, 75, 86, 88, 140, 162, 173

Strategies 173; biodiversity 55, 68, 75, 82; gender 139, 142; green economy 75, 82, 132; livelihood and poverty reduction,4, 26-27, 42-43, 114, 137, 143; sector, 27, 43-44, 65, 67-75, 79-83, 87, 167

Sub-national plans xv, 49, 65-75

Sustainable consumption and production xiv, 20, 33, 79, 173

Sustainable Development xi, 3-5, 21, 23, 27, 34, 35, 54-57, 67, 83, 93, 97, 102, 105, 131-133, 136138, 149-151, 162, 173, United Nations Conference on 3, 150

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) xi, xvii, 151, 155, 173

System of Environment and-Economic Accounts (SEEA) xvii, 23, 86, 132-134

Technology transfer 61, 93, 97, 102, 132, 173

Theory of Change xiv, 17, 22-23

Third-party certification 99-100, 173-174

Transnational corporation 100, 174

Trust 46, 50, 98

Twinning 174; approach 33

Voluntary third-party certification 99; Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative (EITI); Forestry Stewardship Council (FSC); Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)

Vulnerability xiv, 4, 10-12, 15, 20, 24, 28, 36, 46, 67, 119, 121; assessment 27, 31, 105, 123-124; multidimensional index 28

Wealth Accounting and Valuation of Ecosystem Services (WAVES) 86, 119, 129, 133-134

Women’s empowerment 44, 94, 105, 116, 135-137, 170; rural, xiii, 10-11, 136